FUTHARK ATHAMANGIRA - GOLIDI

Ma Runes ndi zilembo zachinsinsi zomwe mafuko akale aku Europe adagwiritsa ntchito zaka 2000 zapitazo kutchula malo ndi zinthu, kukopa mwayi ndi chuma, kuteteza, komanso kutsimikizira zamatsenga zamtsogolo. Ming'oma idapangidwa pamiyala kapena pamtengo. Zida za nthawiyo monga nkhwangwa, mpeni, kapena chisel sizinkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mizere yopindika, chifukwa chake zilembo za Runic zimapangidwa ndi mizere yolunjika kokha. Pafupifupi Europe yonse idazigwiritsa ntchito nthawi imodzi, koma lero amakumbukiridwa bwino chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito Norse wakale: ma Vikings.

Kapangidwe kakale kwambiri kakang'ono ka makalata a Runic, a Elder Futhark runes, akuti ndi British Museum kuti adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma Vikings cha m'ma 200 AD Ena amakhulupirira kuti kalekale. Ku Norse, Elder Futhark amawerengedwa kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere. "FUTHARK" ndiye zizindikiro zoyambirira 6 za zilembo za Runic (cholemba "th" ndi chilembo chimodzi).

Maupangiri athu a Futhark Rune amapezeka Pano.